Following Article 52 of Contract Law of PRC, the following contracts shall be regarded as null and void :

(1) a contract is concluded through the use of fraud or coercion by one party to damage the interests of the State;

(2) malicious collusion is conducted to damage the interests of the State, a collective or a third party;

(3) an illegitimate purpose is concealed under the guise of legitimate acts;

(4) damaging the public interests;

(5) violating the compulsory provisions of laws and administrative regulations.